Review Note

Last Update: 05/29/2024 09:30 PM

Current Deck: SLS Cards::5. Prenatal care

New Card (Unpublished)

No published tags.

What are the most likely causes for fetal death in each trimester?

First trimester (0-13 weeks --> most common)

Chromosomal abnormalities (e.g. aneuploidy, partial deletion, duplication) --> ~70%
Structural/ congential malformation
Implantation issues (e.g. ectopic, blighted ovum)
Maternal anatomic anomalies (e.g. uterine leiomyoma, polyps, adhesions, septa)
Maternal factors (thrombophilia, autoimmune disorders)
Infections (e.g. toxoplasmosis, other including syphilis and HIV, rubella, cytomegalovirus, and HSV)
Trauma (e.g. intimate partner violence, iatrogenic)

Second trimester (14-26 weeks; often no etiology identified, multifactorial, overlaps with obstetrical complications)

Infection
Maternal health (e.g. diabetes, hypertension, chronic stressors)
Uterine malformation
Cervical insufficiency
Fetal malformation (e.g. ancephalopathy, trisomy, renal agenesis, hydrops fetalis)
Thrombophilia
Placental issues (e.g. abruption, insufficiency)
PPROM
Preterm labor

Third trimester (27 weeks onward; lots of overlap with 2nd T)

Placental (e.g. abruption, insufficiency)
Umbilical cord (e.g. accidents such as true knots, nuchal cord, cord prolapse; cord compression)
Maternal conditions (e.g. preeclampsia/ eclampsia, diabetes)
Infections
Fetal conditions (e.g. FGR)
Multiple pregnancies (e.g. twin-totwin transfusion syndrome)