Notes in Week 15 - Neuro Meds Part 2

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Published	04/13/2025	what environmental factors put someone at an increase risk of developing MS?
Published	04/13/2025	what is the pathophysiology to MS?
Published	04/13/2025	What is clinically isolated syndrome (CIS)?
Published	04/13/2025	what is the most common MS subtype?
Published	04/13/2025	what is the least common MS subtype?
Published	04/13/2025	list the MS subtypes and describe them
Published	04/13/2025	what 3 things that the treatment plan of MS includes?
Published	04/13/2025	when would you treat MS exacerbations?
Published	04/13/2025	what is the first line treatment for MS exacerbation?
Published	04/13/2025	what is the second line treatments for MS exacerbation?
Published	04/13/2025	what IV corticosteroids is used for MS exacerbation?
Published	04/13/2025	MOA of methylpredinsone
Published	04/13/2025	ADR of methylprednisolone (used for 3-5 days)
Published	04/13/2025	what is another corticosteroid besides methylprednisolone that can be used to treat MS exacerbation?
Published	04/13/2025	MOA of corticotropin (Acthar)
Published	04/13/2025	what is the mainstay of treatment for DMT (disease modifying therapies) for MS in those with childbearing potential?
Published	04/13/2025	what is used for initial DMT in those with relapsing remitting MS?
Published	04/13/2025	what is used as second line or third line DMT in those with relapsing remitting MS?
Published	04/13/2025	what is a chemotherapy agent used for DMT of MS
Published	04/13/2025	indications for glatiramer acetate (copaxone)?
Published	04/13/2025	MOA of glatiramer acetate (copaxone)
Published	04/13/2025	BBW of Glatiramer acetate (Copaxone)
Published	04/13/2025	Warning and ADR of Glatiramer acetate (Copaxone)
Published	04/13/2025	what interferon beta products are used for DMT of MS?
Published	04/13/2025	MOA of interferon beta products
Published	04/13/2025	what is the advantage of Plegridy (peginterferon beta 1a)?
Published	04/13/2025	warning of interferon beta products
Published	04/13/2025	ADR of interferon beta products
Published	04/13/2025	what labs would you order to monitor interferon beta products?
Published	04/13/2025	why is interferon beta products not used as first line treatment of DMT for MS?
Published	04/13/2025	what medications are S1P receptor modulators?
Published	04/13/2025	MOA of S1P Receptor Modulators
Published	04/13/2025	C/I to S1P receptor modulators
Published	04/13/2025	C/I of onzanimod
Published	04/13/2025	what testing is required before use of Siponimod (Mayzent)?
Published	04/13/2025	warning of S1P receptor modulators
Published	04/13/2025	what is required at least 6 hours after the first dose of fingolimod?
Published	04/13/2025	list medications that are classified as fumarates or nuclear factor-like 2 activators
Published	04/13/2025	what are ADR of fumarates?
Published	04/13/2025	When taking fumarates be sure to monitor {{c1::LFTs}} and {{c1::CBC}} due to risk of hepatoxicity and neutropenia. Flushing may also occur however thi…
Published	04/13/2025	MOA of fumarates
Published	04/13/2025	MOA of teriflunomide (Aubagio)
Published	04/13/2025	warning of Teriflunomide (Aubagio)
Published	04/13/2025	what drugs are monocloncal Antibodies that used as DMT of MS?
Published	04/13/2025	what is C/I to using monoclonal antibodies for MS and what should be screened prior to starting therapy?
Published	04/13/2025	warning of monoclonal Ab
Published	04/13/2025	what is a last line tx for DMT of MS?
Published	04/13/2025	BBW of Alemtuzumab (Lemtrada)
Published	04/13/2025	C/I of Alemtuzumab (Lemtrada)
Published	04/13/2025	BBW of Natalizumab (Tysabri)
Published	04/13/2025	BBW of Cladribine (Mavenclad)
Published	04/13/2025	C/I to Cladribine (Mavenclad)
Published	04/13/2025	what is a monitoring parameter for Cladribine (Mavenclad)
Published	04/13/2025	C/I of Dalfampridine (Ampyra)
Published	04/13/2025	what is Dalfampridine (Ampyra) used for?
Published	04/13/2025	what is progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)?
Published	04/13/2025	what is the cause of PML?
Published	04/13/2025	treatment for PML
Published	04/13/2025	what is the touch program used for?
Published	04/13/2025	how often should testing for JC virus occur when taking natalizumab?
Published	04/13/2025	the duration of DMT should be continued {{c1::indefinitiely}} with the exceptions of {{c1::clear lack of benefit}}, {{c1::intolerable side effects}}, …
Published	04/13/2025	when would you change DMT?
Published	04/13/2025	what are precipitating factors to seizures?
Published	04/13/2025	what are focal aware seizure?
Published	04/13/2025	what are focal seizure with impaired awareness?
Published	04/13/2025	what are generalized seizures?
Published	04/13/2025	• Most seizures last less than {{c1::2 minutes}} and do not require {{c1::medical interventions}} • Status epilepticus (SE) is a seizure that lasts mo…
Published	04/13/2025	what is the treatment for the stabilization face of status epilepticus?
Published	04/13/2025	what is the initial treatment phase for status epilepticus?
Published	04/13/2025	what is the second treatment phase for status epilepticus?
Published	04/13/2025	what is the third treatment phase (refractory) for status epilepticus?
Published	04/13/2025	what is the first line treatment for epilepsy?
Published	04/13/2025	AEDs should not be {{c1::stopped abruptly}} as this can lead to increased seizures
Published	04/13/2025	what are adjuvant treatment for seizures?
Published	04/13/2025	what is the first cannabis-derived medication approved by the FDA to treat Davet syndrome and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome in children?
Published	04/13/2025	MOA of epidiolex
Published	04/13/2025	indications for recommending ketogenic diet for seizures and how does this help?
Published	04/13/2025	what are broad spectrum ASMs ?
Published	04/13/2025	what do broad spectrum ASMs treat?
Published	04/13/2025	what do narrow spectrum ASMs treat?
Published	04/13/2025	what is used for absence seizures?
Published	04/13/2025	what is the risk for ALL ASMs?
Published	04/13/2025	list ASM drugs
Published	04/13/2025	MOA of BZDs and phenobarbital
Published	04/13/2025	MOA of valproate
Published	04/13/2025	MOA of levetiracetam (keppra)
Published	04/13/2025	MOA of carbamazepine, phenytoin/fosphenytoin, and topiramate
Published	04/13/2025	MOA of lamotrigine
Published	04/13/2025	MOA of ethosuximide
Published	04/13/2025	BBW of lamotrigine (lamictal)
Published	04/13/2025	warning of lamotrigine (lamictal)
Published	04/13/2025	ADR of lamotrigine
Published	04/13/2025	what should be monitored when taking lamotrigine?
Published	04/13/2025	what are drug interactions to keep in mind when prescribing lamotrigine?
Published	04/13/2025	Levetiracetam (Keppra) should be {{c1::renally}} dose adjusted
Published	04/13/2025	warning for Levetiracetam (Keppra)
Published	04/13/2025	ADR of Levetiracetam (Keppra)
Published	04/13/2025	C/I for topiramate
Published	04/13/2025	warning for topiramate
Published	04/13/2025	ADR of topiramate
Published	04/13/2025	what should be monitored when taking topiramate?
Published	04/13/2025	what are drug interactions for topiramate?
Published	04/13/2025	what is the therapeutic range for valproate?
Published	04/13/2025	BBW for valporate
Published	04/13/2025	C/I for valproate
Published	04/14/2025	Drug interactions with Valproate
Published	04/14/2025	Lacosamide (vimpat) is a {{c1::controlled}} substance
Published	04/14/2025	warning for lacosamide (vimpat)
Published	04/14/2025	ADR of lacosamide
Published	04/14/2025	Drug interactions with lacosamide
Published	04/14/2025	what is the therapeutic range of carbamazepine (tegretol, tegretol XR)
Published	04/14/2025	BBW of carbamazepine
Published	04/14/2025	HLA-B*1502 testing required for patients of {{c1::Asian}} descent {{c1::PRIOR}} to starting this treatment (if positive {{c1::carbamazepine}} should n…
Published	04/14/2025	C/I to carbamazepine
Published	04/14/2025	what labs should be monitored when using carbamazepine
Published	04/14/2025	{{c2::Carbamazepine}} is an {{c1::autoinducer}} and therefore decreaes levels of other drugs and itself
Published	04/14/2025	what is the therapeutic range for phenobarbital in adults and children?
Published	04/14/2025	when would you see toxicity symptoms when using phenytoin or fosphenytoin?
Published	04/14/2025	warning for cannabidiol (epidolex)
Published	04/14/2025	warning for cenobamate (xcorpi)
Published	04/14/2025	what is used for absence seizures?
Published	04/14/2025	C/I to zonisamide (zonergan) and major ADR
Published	04/14/2025	when other anti-seizure medications are there if a patient failed 2 of the other agents?
Published	04/16/2025	What is a stroke?
Published	04/16/2025	Stroke can lead to {{c1::long-term damage}} depending on severity and an area of the brain affected
Published	04/16/2025	What are the different categories/types of stroke?
Published	04/16/2025	Which type of stroke is the most common type?
Published	04/16/2025	Pathophys of stroke
Published	04/16/2025	Acute ischemic stroke types
Published	04/16/2025	Non-cardioembolic acute ischemic stroke
Published	04/16/2025	Cardioembolic acute ischemic stroke
Published	04/16/2025	Hemorrhagic stroke
Published	04/16/2025	Transient ischemic attack
Published	04/16/2025	Modifable RFs for stroke
Published	04/16/2025	Primary stroke prevention strategies
Published	04/16/2025	Non-modifiable stroke RFs
Published	04/16/2025	Stroke risk doubles every decade after {{c1::age 55}}
Published	04/16/2025	Stroke S/S
Published	04/16/2025	When should CT scan be performed to properly identify and dx a stroke
Published	04/16/2025	CT scan is done to identify and rule out a {{c1::hemorrhagic stroke}}. This is especially important because certain drugs to tx ischemic stroke can {{…
Published	04/16/2025	The goal of tx an ischemic stroke is to:
Published	04/16/2025	What 3 things should you monitor in an ischemic stroke?
Published	04/16/2025	What is alteplase?
Published	04/16/2025	How does alteplase (tPA) work?
Published	04/16/2025	What are restrictions/guidelines/considerations to pts receiving tPA?
Published	04/16/2025	What is the biggest C/I to alteplase use?
Published	04/16/2025	Alteplase breaks up {{c1::blood clots}} which can {{c1::increase the risk of bleeding. }}
Published	04/16/2025	List examples that can inc the risk of internal bleeding and is therefore C/I with alteplase use
Published	04/16/2025	T/F - You absolutely can't give alteplase to someone who has a high BP
Published	04/16/2025	What should you monitor after administering Alteplase
Published	04/16/2025	What is the stroke specific dose for alteplase?
Published	04/16/2025	What is hemorrhagic conversion?
Published	04/16/2025	S/S hemorrhagic conversion
Published	04/16/2025	After administering alteplase what should you always do?
Published	04/17/2025	What are other tx considerations to do in a person with an ischemic stroke
Published	04/17/2025	{{c1::Hypoglycemia}} can mimic stroke Sx
Published	04/17/2025	Stroke secondary prevention tx
Published	04/17/2025	What kinds of pts is antiplatelet tx beneficial for in regards to preventing stroke recurrence?
Published	04/17/2025	What are the antiplatelet tx options mentioned in the lecture?
Published	04/17/2025	Prasugrel C/I
Published	04/17/2025	Combination of {{c1::clopidogrel + low dose ASA}} can be given within 24 hours of a minor ischemic stroke, assuming that no alteplase was given.
Published	04/17/2025	T/F - Increasing the "baby aspirin" dose (81mg) can be beneficial in preventing stroke in pts already taking the standard dose
Published	04/17/2025	Long term antiplatelet combination therapy for secondary stroke/TIA prevention should be avoided because it can {{c1::inc the risk of hemorrhage}}
Published	04/17/2025	Short-term dual antiplatelet therapy for ischemic strokes should be followed by what?
Published	04/17/2025	Ticagrelor + ASA indication
Published	04/17/2025	Which drugs have additive effects if taken concurrently with antiplatelet meds?
Published	04/17/2025	Describe the tx and management of a hemorrhagic stroke
Published	04/17/2025	What is true regarding the use of anticoagulants in a pt with a hemorrhagic stroke?
Published	04/17/2025	What is an intracerebral hemorrhage?
Published	04/17/2025	How can you lower intracranial pressure?
Published	04/17/2025	Mannitol C/Is
Published	04/17/2025	Mannitol Warnings
Published	04/17/2025	Mannitol ADRs
Published	04/17/2025	Subarachnoid hemorrhage (acute)
Published	04/17/2025	Nimodpine indications
Published	04/17/2025	When does cerebral artery vasopasm typically occur?
Published	04/17/2025	Nimodipine MOA
Published	04/17/2025	Nimodipine BBW
Published	04/17/2025	Nimodipine C/Is
Published	04/17/2025	What should you monitor in a pt taking nimodipine?
Status	Last Update	Fields